In Action-

• Cavitation Effect: It is the process of formation of millions of gas bubbles in the irrigation solution. These bubbles grow in size, oscillate in directions & explode into the liquid, producing powerful cleaning action.
• Acoustic Streaming: It is a unidirectional flow of liquid produced by ultrasonic waves. Movement of tip produces special effect called acoustic turbulence which accelerates the movement of liquid inside the root canal.

Indications-

• Smear Layer Removal: Effective in the removal of smear layer and unplugging of dentinal tubules
• Dentin Chips Removal: Ultrasonic agitation forms a suspension of residual dentinal chips and tissue remnants with irrigant and facilitates their easy removal
• Biofilm Disruption: Ultrasonic cavitation disrupts the biofilm and helps to reduce bacteria load in the canal
• Cleaning of Complex Anatomy: Ultrasonic activation helps irrigants to flush into undetected or un-instrumented canal anatomy like an isthmus, fins, lateral canals, apical ramification, etc. Also helps to remove vapour lock